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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a kidney condition that causes cysts to develop in the kidneys. According to the National Kidney Foundation, PKD is a genetic disorder that affects around 600,000 people in the United States and occurs equally in men and women of all races. PKD causes about 5% of all kidney failure and is the fourth leading cause of kidney failure in the U.S.
What is Polycystic Kidney Disease?
PKD occurs when fluid-filled cysts of varying sizes develop within your kidneys. As these cysts acquire more fluid, they grow in size and enlarge your kidneys, resulting in reduced kidney function and, in some cases, kidney failure.
Polycystic Kidney Disease: Types
There are two types of PKD:
- Autosomal dominant PKD
- Autosomal recessive PKD
Autosomal dominant PKD
Autosomal dominant PKD only causes cysts to grow in the kidneys. Doctors sometimes refer to it as “adult PKD” because people rarely notice symptoms until they are over 30 years old. Most people in the U.S. with PKD suffer from autosomal dominant PKD.
Autosomal recessive PKD
Autosomal recessive PKD causes cysts to grow in the kidneys and liver. Unlike autosomal dominant PKD, this condition develops during childhood.
Polycystic Kidney Disease: Symptoms
PKD symptoms depend on the individual but might include:
- High blood pressure
- Side or back pain
- An enlarged abdomen
- Headaches
- Kidney stones
- Problems with blood vessels in the heart and brain
Polycystic Kidney Disease: Medical Treatments
PKD treatments depend on the severity of the condition. A doctor who detects PKD early might prescribe antibiotics or blood pressure medicine to treat the disorder. People with kidney failure, also called end-stage kidney disease, may require dialysis or a kidney transplant. Those who suffer from severe autosomal recessive PKD may require a combined kidney and liver transplant.
A doctor will recommend the best treatment for your circumstances.
Polycystic Kidney Disease: Lifestyle Changes
A doctor might also suggest lifestyle changes to slow down the development of PKD or alleviate the symptoms associated with the condition. These lifestyle changes include:
- Drinking more water to stay hydrated
- Eating healthier foods
- Reducing foods that contain lots of sugar, salt, and fat
- Consuming foods high in protein
- Exercising regularly
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Quitting smoking
Consult with a Professional About PKD
PKD can have a significant effect on your life. Consulting with a medical expert helps you discover the correct treatment and slow down the disease. Texas Kidney Institute in Dallas, TX, helps patients with PKD and other kidney-related illnesses with a wide range of treatments and solutions. Schedule a consultation today.
